State the Lyapunov instability theorem and write its proof. Then using it, show the instability of the equilibrium point (0, 0) of the following differential equation.
x^(?)=x+y+f(x,y),y^(?)=-x+y+g(x,y)
where, in a small neighborhood of the origin, the functions f and g have the following properties.
(|f(x,y)|)/(||x,y||)<=\alpha ||x,y||,(|g(x,y)|)/(||x,y||)<=\alpha ||x,y||,\alpha >0
Hint: Don't forget to use the Lyapunov equation to find the Lyapunov function.