(Solved): question 4 2. The first step in this synthesis is the reaction of metallic aluminum with a concentra ...

2. The first step in this synthesis is the reaction of metallic aluminum with a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide \( (\mathrm{KOH}) \) to form the potassium salt of the tetrahydroxoaluminate complex ion, \( \left[\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\right] \) : Balance the chemical equation describing this oxidation-reduction reaction \[ \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{KOH}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{I}) \rightarrow \mathrm{KAl}(\mathrm{OH})_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \text { (Equation 1) } \] 3. The second step of the synthesis is the conversion of \( \mathrm{KAl}(\mathrm{OH})_{4}(\mathrm{aq}) \) to alum by the addition of sulfuric acid \( \left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\right) \) in an acid-base reaction. Under the experimental conditions, the alum has limited solubility in water, and so it precipitates from the solution. Balance the chemical reaction that occurs in this step. \[ \mathrm{KAl}(\mathrm{OH})_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{KAl}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{2} \cdot 12 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s}) \text {. (Equation 2) } \] 4. Write the overall balanced equation for the synthesis of alum by the method that you used in the lab. Do this by adding balanced Equation 1 to balanced Equation 2 in a way that will cancel out the \( \mathrm{KAl}(\mathrm{OH})_{4} \). This substance, \( \mathrm{KAl}(\mathrm{OH})_{4} \), should cancel because it is a product of equation 1 and a reactant in equation 2. Before adding the two equations, you need to multiply through one of the equations by an integerso that you can cancel the \( \mathrm{KAl}(\mathrm{OH})_{4} \). This process is analogous to an elementary algebra operation of adding or subtracting algebraic equations.