QUESTION 1 Fine motor skills include: Dressing Eating Drawing All of the above
QUESTION 2 What does Egocentrism refer to? Failure to distinguish others' viewpoints from one's own Repeated, unpressured exposure to new foods promotes acceptance Developing nations' overcrowding and weak safety measures None of the above
What is Vygotsky's sociocultural theory? Expert guidance gradually leads to self-guidance TO Private speech Zone of proximal development Scaffolding: support of an "expert" All of the above
Gross motor skills include: Walking and running jumping, catching, and swinging Upper- and lower-body skills combine in more refined actions All of the above
Which Erickson theory applies to early childhood development (preschool age)? trust vs. mistrust generativity vs. stagnation integrity vs. despair Initiative vs guilt
QUESTION 6 Four-year-old Brigid is likely to use more when she is confused about how to proceed. animistic thinking magical thinking private speech hierarchical classification
Functional play applies to children of what age? \( 0-2 \) years old 3-6 years old 2-6 years old \( 8+ \) years old
Two-year-old Truman goes to the park with his father. He stands by a bench where his father is sitting and watches two children run. Truman is engaged in cooperative play nonsocial activity associative play parallel play
Four children in LaShonda's preschool class act out a make-believe theme in the dramatic play interest area. They are engaging in nonsocial activity parallel play associative play cooperative play
Tanner's parents are withdrawn. They make no demands of Tanner and are indifferent to his point of view. Tanner's parents have \( a(n) \) style of child-rearing. uninvolved permissive authoritative authoritarian
Children of parents are more likely to react with hostility when frustrated and use force to get their way. permissive uninvolved authoritative authoritarian
The most common vision problem in middle childhood is myopia astigmatism cataracts tunnel vision
When presented with Piaget's conservation tasks, 9-yearold Ramon demonstrates reversibility. This means that Ramon can order items along a quantitative dimension, such as length or weight focus on several aspects of a problem and then center on just one focus on relations between a general and two specific categories at the same time think through a series of steps and then mentally reverse the direction
Erikson's sense of combines several developments of middle childhood: a positive but realistic self-concept, pride in accomplishment, moral responsibility, and cooperative participation with agemates. identity industry trust autonomy
Children who develop attribute their failures, not their successes, to ability. an ideal self learned helplessness a realistically oriented view of ability mastery-oriented attributions
Sleep-deprived adolescents are less likely to engage in high-risk behaviors are more likely to suffer from anxiety and irritability can make up sleep they have missed later display increases in executive function
Carlie engages in binge eating, followed by deliberate vomiting, purging with laxatives, excessive exercise, and strict dieting or even fasting. Carlie suffers from anorexia nervosa bulimia nervosa food insecurity marasmus
QUESTION 19 Adolescent drug experimentation is less concerning than adolescent drinking because most drugs do not impair perception or thought processes is concerning because most teenagers who try alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana are headed for a life of addiction is a normal part of adolescence and, therefore, is not a cause for concern should not be taken lightly because a single heavy dose can lead to permanent injury or death
According to Erikson, if the psychological conflict of adolescence is resolved negatively, a young person experiences inferiority role confusion isolation mistrust
In cultures that place a high priority on interdependence, teenagers accept their parents' decisions because they feel pressured to comply teenagers equate autonomy with independent decision making autonomy is not a central adolescent motive teenagers view autonomy as self-endorsed decision making
The most common psychological problem of adolescence is anxiety bulimia depression anorexia
QUESTION 23 fosters a more positive, coherent early selfconcept. Permissive parenting A warm, sensitive parent-child relationship Strong identification with other strangers Authoritarian parenting
QUESTION 24 Binge-eating disorder is accompanied by purging or fasting leads to delayed menarche or disrupted menstrual cycles usually leads to restrictive dieting typically leads to overweight and obesity
what is/are cause(s) of obesity in middle childhood? Heredity Low Socioeconmic status Diets that are rich in sugar and fatty foods all of the above