(Solved): Light rays in a material with index of refrection \( 1.31 \) can undergo total internal reflection ...

Light rays in a material with index of refrection \( 1.31 \) can undergo total internal reflection when they strike the interface with another material at a critical angle of incidence. Find the second material's index of refraction \( n \) when the required critical angle is \( 78.3^{\circ} \). A beam of initially unpolarized light passes through a sequence of three ideal polarizers. The angle \( \phi_{12} \) between the axes of the first and second polarizers is \( 21.7^{\circ} \), and the angle \( \phi_{23} \) between the axes of the second and third polarizers is \( 53.3^{\circ} \). What is the ratio of the intensity \( I_{3} \) of light emerging from the third polarizer to the intensity \( I_{0} \) of light incident on the first polarizer? \( \frac{I_{3}}{I_{0}}: \)