(Solved): Draw a staphylococcus dichotomous tree using the following list:S. capitis subsp. capitisS. capitis ...

Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology-9 Table 17.15 Characteristics differentiating the species and subspecies of the genus Staphylococcus S. aureus S. capitis Characteristics Gelony diameter 5mm! Colony pigment (carotenoid) Aerobic growth Anaerobic growth (thioglycolate) Growth on NaCl agar: 10% (w/v) 15% (W/V) Growth at: 15°C 45°C Cytochrome c (oxidase test) Lacte nold production t-teomer FR(-)-Isomer Acetoin production FDP-aldolase: Class I Class I Acid (aerobically) from: D-Xylose L-Arabinose -Celloblose D-Fucose Ratinose Salicin Sucrose Maltose D-Mannitol D-Mannose o-Trehalose a-Lactose D-Galactose B-D-Fructose D-Melezitose D-Turanose vp D-Ribose Xylitol Hyaluronidase Growth on (NH?)?30 (nitrogen source) Nitrate reduction Alkaline phosphatase Footnotes are at end of table arlettae 22 222 222 ND ND ND ND ND +W ND subsp. anaerobius 0911 ND U +1 222 + ND ND ND subsp. aureus +3+1 + TIEFEL ++ +1+1+ auricularis +31+1 30+ CIC 2261 (+) ND ND subsp. capitis .. Ia11111+1+IC+ ND subsp. ureolyticus io ? ??????++++????? 3 ... Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Arginine dihydrolase Urease Coagulase (rabbit plasma) Clumping factor Fibrinolysin Hemolysis Deoxyribonuclease (DNase agar) Hoat stable nuclease B-Glucosidase B-Glucuronidase B-Galactosidase CNPS Novoblocin resistance (MIC 2 1.6 µg/ml) Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Colony diameter > 5 mm Colony pigment (carotenoid) Aerobic growth Anaerobic growth (thioglycolate) Growth on NaCl agar: 10% (W/V) 15% (w/v) Growth at: 15°C 45°C Cytochrome c (oxidase est) Lactic acid production: S. arlettae (+)-Isomer of--Isomer Acetoin production FDP-aldolase Class I Class II Footnotes are at end of table 1101) 999 NO ND ND caprae d 22 21 NO ND ND S. aureus subsp. anaerobius ND ?? · : ?, ..... ND ND subsp. aureus camnosus caseolyticus .. NO ND ND ND subsp. S. auricularis capitis VPIS S. chromogenes $1 ND NO D19CX S. capitis subsp. urealyticus ND · In ND G ND S. cohnil subsp. subsp. cohnil urealyticus 'd - wed ND NO Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Acid (aerobically) from: D-Xylose L-Arabinose D-Cellobiose D-Fucose Ratinose Salicin Sucrose Maltose D-Mannitol D-Mannose D-Trehalose a-Lactose D-Galactose B-o-Fructose D-Melezitose o-Turanose D-Ribose Xylitol Hyaluronidase Growth on (NH?SO (nitrogen source) Nitrate reduction Alkaline phosphatase Arginine dihydrolase Urease Coagulase (rabbit plasma) Clumping factor Fibrinolysin Hemolysis Deoxyribonuclease (DNase agar) Heat-stable nuclease B-Glucosidase B-Glucuronidase B-Galactosidase Novobiocin resistance (MIC 2 1.6 µg/ml) S. caprae ND +*+13+11111 S. carnosus IFITIE ND ND ND +11121301141 ND S. caseolyticus ND NO ND ND ND d ND ND ND 22 +222 22 22 22 1 2013 2011 ND ND ND NO ND ND ND ND S. chromogenes ND III ND subsp. cohnil 160€ +11+1 (d) d (d) S. cohnil (d) ND ND (d) + subsp. urealyticus (+) d (d) ND d ND (d) ble 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Colony diameter > 5 mm/ Colony pigment (carotenoid) Aerobic growth Anaerobic growth (thioglycolate) Growth on NaCl agar: 10% (w/v) 15% (w/v) Growth at: 15°C 45°C Cytochrome c (oxidase test) Lactic acid production: L(+)-Isomer o(-)-Isomer Acetoin production FDP-aldolase: Class I Glass I Acid (aerobically) from: D-Xylose L-Arabinose D-Cellobiose D-Fucose Ratinone Salicin Sucrose Maltose D-Mannitol D-Mannose D-Trehalose a-Lactose D-Galactose B-o-Fructose o-Melezitose D-Turanose D-Ribose Xylitol Hyaluronidase Growth on (NH?)?SO (nitrogen source) Nitrate reduction Alkaline phosphatase Arginine dihydrolase S. delphini ? ???? + ? + 1 + + ??????????? ND S. epidermidis +100 (d) S. equorum ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND b S felis ?? ?? 111 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND S. gallinarum ND ND ND ND S. haemolyticus 3. d d ND S. hominis d +ITIA +C ND ble 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Urease Coagulase (rabbit plasma) Clumping factor Fibrinolysin Hemolysis Deoxyribonuclease (DNase agar) Heat-stable nuclease -Glucosidase B-Glucuronidase B-Galactosidase Novobiocin resistance (MIC 1.6 µg/ml) Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Colony diameter> 5 mm/ Colony pigment (carotenoid) Aerobic growth Anaerobic growth (thioglycolate) Growth on NaCl agar: 10% (W/V) 15% (w/v) Growth at: 15°C 45°C Cytochrome c (oxidase test) Lactic acid production: (+)-Isomer D(-)-Isomer Acetoin production FDP-aldolase: Class I Class II Acid (aerobically) from: D-Xylose L-Arabinose D-Celloblose D-Fucose Rahinose Salicin Sucrose 8. S. delphini epidermidis ND ND ND S. hylcus" +TU+ 113 11+ S. intermedius (+) I ++ TIILI+ S. S. S. equorum felis gallinarum haemolyticus +1101299 + ND ND ND S. klooall ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 101112 D ND +212 ND +1+1 1+13+ S. S. lentus Jugdunensis aa+as ND ND 13 22 22- ND ND ND ND 1938 1001 I ND ds 3. S hominis 22 32 999 S. saccharolyticus ND ND 1123 T ND ND NO ND Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Maltose o-Mannitol D-Mannose D-Trehalose a-Lactose D-Galactose B-o-Fructose D-Melezitose D-Turanose D-Riboso Xylitol Hyaluronidase Growth on (NH) SO (nitrogen source) Nitrate reduction Alkaline phosphatase Arginine dihydrolase Urease Coagulase (rabbit plasma) Clumping factor Fibrinolysin Hemolysis Deoxynbonuclease (DNase agar) Heat-stable nuclease B-Glucosidase B-Glucuronidase B-Galactosidase Novobiocin resistance (MIC 1.6 µg/ml) Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Colony diameter 5 mm Colony pigment (carotenoid) Aerobic growth Anaerobic growth (thioglycolate) Growth on NaCl agar: 10% (w/v) 15% (w/v) S. hyicus ND S Intermedius (+) (w) (d) 40181 subsp. S. Epophyticon coagulans S. kloosil ND ND ND 202122 211. '--- 0 - - ND ND S. schlelleri ND S. lentus d (+) (+). subsp. schleifert ND NO w ND lugdunensis ND ND ND ND 1032121 ND ND S. soluri simulane S. saccharolyticus 393999 99-9-9299992. ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NO ND ND ND ND 5. warneri d xylosus Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Maltose o-Mannitol D-Mannose D-Trehalose a-Lactose D-Galactose B-o-Fructose D-Melezitose D-Turanose D-Riboso Xylitol Hyaluronidase Growth on (NH) SO (nitrogen source) Nitrate reduction Alkaline phosphatase Arginine dihydrolase Urease Coagulase (rabbit plasma) Clumping factor Fibrinolysin Hemolysis Deoxynbonuclease (DNase agar) Heat-stable nuclease B-Glucosidase B-Glucuronidase B-Galactosidase Novobiocin resistance (MIC 1.6 µg/ml) Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Colony diameter 5 mm Colony pigment (carotenoid) Aerobic growth Anaerobic growth (thioglycolate) Growth on NaCl agar: 10% (w/v) 15% (w/v) S. hyicus ND S Intermedius (+) (w) (d) 40181 subsp. S. Epophyticon coagulans S. kloosil ND ND ND 202122 211. '--- 0 - - ND ND S. schlelleri ND S. lentus d (+) (+). subsp. schleifert ND NO w ND lugdunensis ND ND ND ND 1032121 ND ND S. soluri simulane S. saccharolyticus 393999 99-9-9299992. ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NO ND ND ND ND 5. warneri d xylosus Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristica Growth at 15°C 45 C Cytochrome (oxidase test) Lactic acid production: L(+)-Isomer of-1-Isomer Acetoin production FDP-aldolase: Class Class II Ackd (aerobically) from e-Xylose L-Arabinose o-Cellobiose o-Fucose An Salon Sucrose Maltose o-Mannitol -Mannose D-Trehalose a-Lactose o-Galactose B-o-Fructose -Molezitose D-Tunanose o-Rubose Xylitol Hyaluronidase Growth on (NH),50 (nitrogen source) Nitrale reduction Alkaline phosphatase Arginine dihydrolase Ureace Coagulase (rabbit plasma) Clumping factor Fibrinolysin Hemolysis Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Deoxyribonuclease (DNase agar) Heal-stable nuclease B-Glucosidase B-Glucuronidase B-Galactosidase Novobiocin resistance (MIC 2 1.6 µg/ml) mnephytieun 331 ND S NO subsp. coagulans NO 2.1 99 99 99 NO ......... S achiellert ND subsp. schleifert ND ND ND 99 22.9 ND ND S. schleiferi ND ND S. subsp. subsp. saprophyticus coagulans schleiferi ND ND a selurl almulene warmer ***** 10 (-) 851 to ND 27 ..... ND 2011-04 S S. S. scluri simulans warneri xylosus 1310 NO xylosus ble 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Urease Coagulase (rabbit plasma) Clumping factor Fibrinolysin Hemolysis Deoxyribonuclease (DNase agar) Heat-stable nuclease B-Glucosidase B-Glucuronidase p-Galactosidase Novobiocin resistance (MIC 1.6 µg/ml) Table 17.15 (continued) Characteristics Colony diameter 5 mm/ Colony pigment (carotenoid) Aerobic growth Anaerobic growth (thioglycolate) Growth on NaCl agar: 10% (W/V) 15% (w/v) Growth at: 15°C 45°C Cytochrome c (oxidase test) Lactic acid production: (+)-Isomer D(-)-Isomer Acetoin production FDP-aldolase: Class I Class II Acid (aerobically) from: D-Xylose L-Arabinose D-Celloblose o-Fucose Rafinose Salicin Sucrose 8. delphini +++ ND ND ND S. hylcus" ++ILI+ S. epidermidis +OFF T? S. intermedius ++ TIILI+ S. equorum +11101222 + ND ND ND S. kloosil ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 101172 D ND S. S. felis gallinarum haemolyticus +212 + ND +1113911 +1+1 ND S. S. lentus Jugdunensis ND ND 33 33 ND ND 0611123810011 ND NO 3. S hominis 22 2 999 S. saccharolyticus ND ND 1123 ND ND X Cocci Gram Stain Gram negative cocci yellow ? Staphylococcus aureus Gram positive cocci Mannitol Salt pink Simple Stain Gram negative bacilli MacConkey's No color change Salmonella pullorum Staphylococcus epidermis Dichotomous Key Pink colonies E. coli Bacilli Gram Stain Acid Fast stain ? Acid Fast Enterobacter aerogenes Gram positive bacilli Not acid Mycobacterium fast Endospore stain Forms endospores Bacillus subtilus 1. List of Possible Staphylococcus Unknowns The list of Staphylococcus species shown below are all coagulase negative Staphylococcus species that can cause infections in humans. In contrast, Staphylococcus aureus is coagulase positive and is not included in the list. S. capitis subsp. capitis S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus S. cohnii subsp. cohnii S. cohnii subsp. urealyticus S. epidermidis S. lentus S. lugdunensis S. saccharolyticus S. saprophyticus S. schleiferi subsp. schleiferi S. sciuri S. simulans 2. Use Table 17.15 from Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology to create a dichotomous key that will initiate the process of the identification of the Staphylococcus unknown. The dichotomous key will show you the steps to take to identify your Staphylococcus unknown. 3. Tests to Omit: The following tests are listed in the Bergey's Table 17.15 but are tests we cannot perform and so cannot be used in your dichotomous key. Colony diameter >5 mm . 1. 2. Lactic acid production L(+) isomer or D (-)-isomer 3. FDP-aldolase 4. Acid (anerobically) from: a. Cellobiose b. Fucose c. Raffinose d. Salicin e. Melezitose f. Turanose g. Xylitol 5. Hyaluronidase 6. Growth on (NH4)2SO4 7. Alkaline phosphatase 8. Arginine dihydrolase 9. Coagulase 10. Clumping factor 11. Fibrinolysin 12. Deoxyribonuclease Agar 13. Heat Stable Nuclease 14. B-Glucosidase 15. B-Glucouronidase 16. Novobiocin resistance Recommendations: Begin with the table from Bergey's and mark out the species not on our list (columns). Consult the list of tests we cannot perform and mark them out as well (rows). Use the remaining information to make a dichotomous key (two-branch diagram) that separates all the possible species from each other. Table 17.15 uses symbols to indicate what the expected test outcome will be. The interpretation for these symbols should be read carefully at the end of the table. I will require that you treat specific symbols accordingly. Failure to follow the directions below will result in a loss of points: 1. + indicates that the expected result is positive and the species name will be listed on the positive side only. 2. - indicates that the expected result is negative and the species name will be listed on the negative side. 3. D, d, ND, ds indicates that between 11-89% of the strains test positive or that not enough information is known. Treat this as a 50/50 outcome, and write the notation (D/d/ND/ds) next to the species name and include the species name on both the positive and negative sides. Write the letter "d" for the expected test result next to the species name on the dichotomous key. 4. ) indicates a delayed result (test will run longer than typical). Include the parentheses next to the species name on the dichotomous key. 5. w/+w indicates that the result might produce a weak positive result, that MIGHT possibly be interpreted as not clearly positive. Include the species on the positive side only, Write the notation "w" or "+w+ for the expected test result next to the species name on the dichotomous key. 6. - w indicates the organism may appear negative OR may appear with a weak positive. Treat this as a 50/50 outcome and write the "-w" next to the species name and include the species name on both the positive and negative sides.