(Solved): Consider the following cycle: Pyruvate kinase converts phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. Pyruvate c ...

Consider the following cycle: Pyruvate kinase converts phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. Pyruvate carboxylase adds a carboxyl group to pyruvate to form oxaloacetate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase eliminates that carboxyl group to form phosphoenolpyruvate. The cycle consumes one ATP, one GTP and produces one ATP. What measures are taken to limit the flow of metabolites through this cycle. Pyruvate is converted to alanine in one step. As the concentration of pyruvate increases, so too does the concentration of alanine. Alanine is an allosteric inhibitor of pyruvate kinase. Concentrations of ADP increase when energy needs of the cell are not met. ADP is an allosteric inhibitor of pyruvate carboxylase. ADP is an allosteric inhibitor of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. 1 point Phosphofructose-1-kinase uses ATP to make Fru-1,6-P from Fru-6-P. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase uses Fru-1,6-P \( \mathrm{P}_{2} \) to make Fru-6-P. In liver cells, Fru-2,6-P \( \mathrm{P}_{2} \) activates Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase is not expressed in the red blood cell. AMP relieves ATP inhibition of phosphofrucose-1-kinase and inhibits fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. Fru-6-P is a potent feedback inhibitor of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and a feed forward activator of phosphofructose-1-kinase. ATP consumption in the red blood cell is not wasteful but instead maintains a constant body temperature. 1 point A metabolite is gluconeogenic if it is a precursor of pyruvate, oxaloacetate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Which of the following are gluconeogenic? Glycerol Alanine Asparagine Glutamate