(Solved): Assume the following program is running on the 5-stage in-order pipeline processor shown in class. ...

Expert Answer

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To determine the number of cycles required to execute the program, we need to analyze the pipeline diagram for each instruction and identify any data dependencies, hazards, and forwarding opportunities.
Assuming the branch outcome is taken, the program will execute as follows:
Cycle 1:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
nop (ID)
nop (EX)
nop (MEM)
nop (WB)
Cycle 2:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
nop (EX)
nop (MEM)
nop (WB)
Cycle 3:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
add $r2 $r6 $r7 (EX)
nop (MEM)
nop (WB)
Cycle 4:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
add $r2 $r6 $r7 (EX)
beq $r2 $r3 label (MEM)
nop (WB)
Cycle 5:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
add $r2 $r6 $r7 (EX)
nop (MEM)
nop (WB)
Cycle 6:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
sub $r6 $r8 $r4 (EX)
nop (MEM)
nop (WB)
Cycle 7:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
sub $r6 $r8 $r4 (EX)
nop (MEM)
sw $r6 0($r10) (WB)
Cycle 8:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
lw $r1 0($r2) (EX)
nop (MEM)
sw $r6 0($r10) (WB)
Cycle 9:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
lw $r1 0($r2) (EX)
or $r4 $r2 $r1 (MEM)
sw $r6 0($r10) (WB)
Cycle 10:
lw $r6 0($r10) (IF)
lw $r7 0($r11) (ID)
lw $r1 0($r2) (EX)
nop (MEM)
sw $r6 0($r10) (WB)