(Solved): A circular concrete barrel (n = 0.013) culvert of length 12 m and diameter 50 cm is installed on a s ...

A circular concrete barrel (n = 0.013) culvert of length 12 m and diameter 50 cm is installed on a slope of 0.003 m/m. The culvert is designed for flood conditions where the head water depth is 1.5 m, and the tail water depth is 1.0 m. Local losses through the culvert include an entrance loss (k = 0.5) and an exit loss of one velocity head (k = 1). Assume Cd = 0.62.

a) Determine the flow rate that passes through the culvert during flood events.

b) Determine the flow rate that could pass through the culvert if the outlet were not submerged and the culvert were installed on a slope of 0.03 m/m.

c) Sketch the flow profiles through the culvert for the conditions in part a and in part b and clearly label all water depths. You can use Figure 5 below.

Hint: Use the nomographs to determine the normal and critical depths in the culvert