(Solved): 45. An impulse that travels away from a positive electrode will write a(n), on the EKG b. Positive ...

45. An impulse that travels away from a positive electrode will write a(n), on the EKG b. Positive QRS complex Negative QRS complex Isoelectric QRS d Flat line 46. Somatic tremor artifact is commonly caused by a. Patient movement Respiration Lotion on the skin dElectrical interference 47. 60-cycle interference is commonly caused by Patient movement bRespirations Lotion on the skin d. Electrical interference 48. The most common cause for the P wave, QRS complex and T wave to be inverted in lead 1 is Dextrocardia b.) Incorrect lead placement Myocardial infarction de Left bundle branch block 49. The "gain" setting on the EKG machine is concerned with a. The amplitude of the waves and complexes b. The size of the patient e. Einthoven's triangle d. Electrical conduction through the bundle branches 50. A patient is short of breath and his nurse tells you he must have the head of the bed at 90 degrees for his 12-lead EKG. You should: a. Leave, telling the nurse to call you when the head of the bed can be lowered/flat Roll the head of the bed flat and do the EKG, then roll the head of the bed back b. up c. Call the physician and ask why the head of the bed can't be lowered Do the EKG at 90 degrees and document this position on the EKG d. 51. Normal paper speed or printing out the EKG is a. 25mm/sec 50mm/sec e 10mm/sec d 20mm/sec 52. If artifact is present in leads I, II and av most likely source of the artifact is on the aRight arm b. Left arm c. Right leg d. Left leg 53. On your patient's 12-lead EKG, lead I's waves and complexes are completely negative, aVR's waves and complexes are completely positive. The most likely cause of this is a. Dextrocardia b. Axis deviation from an MI c. Axis deviation from ventricular tachycardia d. Right and left arm leads inadvertently reversed 54. Your patient for a 12-lead EKG has no legs as a result of bilateral amputations. Where should you put the leg electrodes? a. On the arms b. On the lower abdomen above where the legs would be c. On the artificial legs d. On the upper chest 55. Your patient is having chills. What kind of artifact can this produce? a. 60-cycle interference b. Baseline sway c. Broken recording d. Somatic tremors 56. If there is artifact in leads II, III and aVF, on which limb(s) would you expect to find the cause? a. Right arm b. Right arm and left leg c. Left leg d. Left arm 57. To minimize artifact, what must be done? a. Attach electrode patches securely b. Tell the patient not to breathe during the EKG c. Tell the patient not to move during the EKG d. All except for B 58. Small adhesive patches with conductive gel on the skin side are a. Cables b. Electrodes c. Conduits d. Oscilloscopes If artifact is seen in leads I, III, and aVL, the problem is in which limb? a. Right arm b. Right leg c. Left arm d. Left leg 60. The artifact caused by the jiggling o wires during "toothbrushing" is called a. CPR artifact b. Toothbrush asystole c. PVCs d. Toothbrush tachycardia 61. Muscle artifact is seen most often in a. The precordial leads b. The frontal, aka augmented limb leads c. Leads whose positive electrode is on the right leg d. Leads whose negative electrode is on the right arm 62. Which of the following is a method of calculating heart rate? a. Six-second strip method b. The QT interval method c. The P-P interval method d. All of the above 63. Retularity of a rhythm is determined by measuring the a. P-P intervals b. QRS intervals c. R-R intervals d. Distance between consecutive U waves 64. A regular rhythm is one in which the R-R intervals a. Vary by only one or two little blocks b. Do not vary at all c. Are the same as the P-P intervals d. Are interrupted by premature beats 65. The mean rate is calculated by a. Counting the number of P waves in a minute long rhythm strip b. Counting the number of QRS complexes in a minute-long rhythm strip c. Counting the number of QRS complexes on a six-second strip and multiply by 10 d. Counting the number of P waves on a six-second strip and multiplying by 10. 66. Atrial rate can be calculated by counting ARS complexes P waves PR intervals R-R intervals 67. Dysthythmias are a. Normal heart rhythms b. Abnormal heart rhythms c. Rhythms originating in the SA node d. Rhythms that cause no symptoms 68. Normal QRS complexes should be a. Less than 0.20 seconds wide b. Less than 0.12 seconds wide c. Between 0.12 and 0.20 seconds wide d. That is alternately narrow and wide 69. A normal rhythm originating in the SA node should have a heart rate. a. Greater than 100 b. Less than 60 c. Between 40 and 60 d. Between 60 and 100 a. Uniform shape P waves preceding the QRS complexes b. Multiple shapes of P waves preceding the QRS complexes A wavy baseline without P waves or QRS complexes d. Inverted P waves in lead II 71. Which of the following sinus rhythms would be expected with stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system? a. Sinus rhythm of 68 bpm b. Sinus bradycardia of 45 bpm c. Sinus arrhythmia between 45-73 d. Sinus tachcardia o 125 bpm 72. A pause that occurs when the SA node's impulse is not conducted out of the SA node itself is a. Sinus arrest b. Sinus arrhythmia Sinus bradycardia c. d. Sinus block 70. Sinus rhythms all have 73. Atropine is a medication that would be appropriate for treating a. Sinus tachycardia Sinus bradycardia b. c. Sinus rhythm d. None of the above 74. Atropine's mode of action is to 86. 78. Beta-blockers have what effect on beartra contractility? a. Increased heartrate and contractility b. Decreased heartrate and contractility e. Increased heartrate and decreased contractility d. Decreased heartrate and increased contractility 79. Propranolol is what's known as a a. Beta-blocker b. Cardiac glycoside c. Calcium channel blocker a. Speed up the rate of SA node firing and speed conduction through the AV node Speed impulse conduction through the buncle branches and AV node b. d. Sodium channel blocker C. Slow the rate of conduction through the AV node and slow SA node firing 80. Epinephrine has what effect on heartrate and contractility? d. Speed SA node firing and slow AV node conduction a. Increased heartrate and contractility b. Increased heartrate and decreased contractility 75. Amiodarone can be used totreat arrhythmias orginating in all locations EXCEPT the a. SA node c. Decreased heartrate and contractility d. Decreased heartrate and increased contractility b. Atrium c. AV junction 81. Hypoxia is treated with the administration of d. Ventricle a. Digitalis b. Verapamil c. Epinephrine d. Oxygen (76.) Atropine has what effect on the heart? a. It increases the heartrate b. It decreases the heartrate It minimizes atrial kick 82. What is epinephrine's effect on blood pressure? a. No effect It has no effect on the heart b. Increases blood pressure c. Decreases blood pressure 77. Atropine would NOT be appropriate in the treatment of d. Causes a sudden increase in BP, then a profound drop in BP a. Junctional bradycardia with heartrate of 38 b. Third-degree AV block with heartrate of 32 c. Idioventricular rhythm with heartrate of 28 d. Supraventricular tachycardia with heartrate of 167 83. When Mr. Hoffstetter passed out at the mall, paramedics found her heartrate to be 34 bpm. Which of the following medications would be appropriate to give to cause the heartrate to increase? a. Digitalis b. Propranolol c. Adenosine d. Atropine True or False 84. T The heart has three layers: the endocardium, myocardium and epicardium. 85. The pericardium is a double-walled sac that encloses the heart and serves as support and protection. The right atrium is a thin-walled receiving chamber for newly oxygenated blood from the lungs. The semilunar valves are the aortic and mitral valves. 58. The PR segment is a flat line located between the QRS complex and the T wave. The electrode on the right leg is the ground electrode and plays no part in any lead 89. 90. A positive QRS complex is written by an impulse that travels toward the positive electrode Artifact is an unwanted interference or jitter on the EKG tracing. 91. 92. Artifact in leads I, II and aVL is caused by a loose or detached electrode patch on the left arm. Artifact can mimic dysrhythmia 93. 94. A rhythm that looks lethal cannot be artifact 95. It is possible to have artifact in the midst of a dangerous thythm. 96. Regularity is concerned with the constancy of QRS complexes. 97. R-R intervals are measurements of the distance between consecutive QRS complexes. 98. A regular rhythm has R-R intervals that vary by only one or two little blocks. 99. The most accurate way to calculate heartrate on an irregular rhythm is the six-second strip method. 100. Sinus rhythms should have narrow QRS complexes of uniform shape. 101. Oxygen can help return an abnormal heart rhythm to normal. 102. The only difference in interpretation criteria between sinus rhythm, sinus bradycardia and sinus tachycardia is the heartrate.. 103. Diaphoresis is a "cold sweat" or excessive sweating. 104. Some signs of decreased cardiac output are pallor, hypotension and dizziness. 105. Sinus bradycardia is common among well-conditioned athletes. 106. Sinus block and sinus arrest can occur at any heartrate. 107. The most crucial criterion to identifying sinus rhythm is the upright matching P waves in lead II. Not all sinus rhythms have to have a P-QRST-T configuration. 108. 109. Flutter waves are often described as sawtooth or picket-fence-shaped waves. Blood clots in the atria are associated with atrial fibrillation. In atrial flutter, the flutter waves are regular. An ectopic rhythm is one which originates in a location other than the SA node. Atrial fibrillation is an ectopic rhythm. Ischemia is NOT a reversible process. Hyperacute changes of an MI are those seen in the MI's earliest stages. Cardioversion and defibrillation are the same thing. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. Atrial fibrillation should be defibrillated. Oxygen administration does not have the risks and benefits that medications do. Holter monitoring is the gold standard for determining the presence of myocardial ischemia The function of the heart is to blood amound your body as your heart beats liters. The normal amount of blood circulated by the heart every minute is 122. The is the layer that contains the cardiac conduction system. 123. charge. The two phases of the cardiac cycle are systole and Depolarization is the changing of the cardiac cell to an electrically 124. 125. One small block on the EKG paper measures seconds. 126, Normal QRS interval should be seconds or less than 3 small blocks. 127. Dysthythmias are rhythms. 128. Troubleshooting involves determining and alleviating the cause of The word "somatic" means body 129. 130. If the QRS complexes are all 15 little blocks apart, the heartrate is If the QRS complexes are all 50 little blocks apart, the heartrate is bpm. bpm. 131. 132. is a regular rhythm with a heartrate greater than 100 bpm. firing for a time. 133. In a sinus arrest, the sinus node 134. Wandering atrial pacemaker has at least different shapes of P waves. 135. PJCs are beats from the AV junction. 136. AP wave that is upside down is called 137. PVC stands for Premature. Ventricular Contractions. 138. P wave asystole differs from asystole in that P wave asystole has P waves; asystole is a Two consecutive PVCs are called a beat. Ventricular bigeminy is a term that means the PVCs occur every AV blocks involve a block in the conduction between the What kind of symptoms does a first-degree AV block cause? In a third-degree AV block, RVH stands for Bight hypertrophy. Pericarditis is AED stands for Automated defibrillator 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 117. 118. 119. Fill in the Blank 120. 121. sinus impulses get through to the ventricles. is a potassium deficit in the bloodstream. Ventricular of the pericardium. external